Holidays May 25
Philologist's Day in Russia
Every year on May 25, a professional holiday is celebrated by all those associated with philology: teachers of the Russian language and literature, librarians, translators, teachers, as well as graduates of philological faculties. The term "philology" is understood to mean a certain area of knowledge that studies written texts, the culture of the people, which is expressed in the language and literary work. Researchers suggest that this area of knowledge has arisen in ancient Greece and ancient India. Therefore, the philology of Greek, Sanskrit and Latin languages is often ranked as classical philology. At the turn of the 17-18 centuries, philology grew into a science that studies and develops the culture of the people.
World Thyroid Day
The holiday took root in the world calendar in 2009 - from the moment when the European Thyroid Association, which deals with thyroid gland and its diseases, proposed to introduce this celebration. The idea of the association was supported by the majority of medical communities working in America and Eurasia. The new world date is aimed, first of all, at carrying out activities focused on increasing the level of informatization of the population about common thyroid diseases. Ways to prevent these diseases are also being considered.
According to statistics, about 25-30% of the adult population of the planet in one form or another is susceptible to the development of problems from the thyroid gland. Most often, these problems are associated with iodine deficiency. People should pay more attention to their "thyroid gland", since it is an important part of the human hormonal system, producing many hormones involved in the regulation of growth, weight and metabolism in general. It is known that most diseases of the thyroid gland can be treated successfully, and the iodine content is adjusted by taking iodine-containing drugs.
May 25 on the folk calendar
Ryabinovka (Epifanov day)
On May 25, the people celebrate the memory of Epiphanius of Cyprus, who was one of the earliest church fathers. The saint became famous for the fierce denunciation of heresies. Despite the fact that Epiphanius did not have the proper education, he was a very wise man. As a great traveler, the saint condemned ancient culture and philosophy.
In Russia, Epifanov was dubbed Ryabinovka day - in honor of the fruit trees beloved by the people. Today, the girls dressed up in red sarafans and, bowing to the mountain ash, asked her to protect the family house from fire. However, according to one of the signs of this day, the morning in the "red caftan" (that is, in the conditions of a bright dawn) testified to massive summer fires. The peasants who observed this phenomenon should have been especially vigilant with fire in the summer. According to legend, mountain ash protected people not only from fire, but also was a charm against various evil spirits. After all, it was not in vain that it was planted in almost all yards. She also protected from the negative influence of ill-wishers. The people also believed that the branch of this tree helped a person who got lost in the forest to get to the house, therefore foresters often took the rowan tree "broom" with them.
Epifanov day was associated with another plant - a water lily. According to the state of this flower, people made conclusions about the upcoming summer. For example, if water lily leaves appeared on ponds that day, then frost was no longer expected. In Russia, there was a belief that water lilies had magical properties, and in particular, were able to bewitch a loved one.
Historical events of May 25
May 25, 1682 - In Moscow, the "Streltsy" riot
After the death of Fedor Alekseevich between his two brothers - Ivan and Peter - the struggle for the throne began. Ivan was not particularly distinguished by his health, both physical and mental, so he needed continuous care, which was offered by his elder sister Sophia. The younger brother Peter was distinguished by good health and strength, so the Patriarch proclaimed him king and blessed him to reign. However, due to minority, his mother, Natalya Naryshkina, should have taken the throne. Supporters of Ivan, led by Sofia, raised a rebellion against the Naryshkins.
On this day, many representatives of this surname fell. Sagittarius staged a real massacre within the walls of the Kremlin, destroying enemies - supposedly "traitors." The brothers of Tsarina Natalya, the important statesman Matveyev and many others were killed. As a result, both heirs became co-rulers, and Ivan was declared the "main king". Sister Sophia ruled for him. And Peter, crushed by the events, harbored a serious resentment against the archers. He later brutally avenged them. In honor of this punishment, the Russian artist Surikov created the painting "Morning of the Archery Execution".
May 25, 1869 - Opening of the Vienna Opera House
The theater building in which the Vienna Opera is located (and still is) opened its doors on May 25, 1869 and began its creative activity with the production of Don Juan (Mozart). The Vienna Opera House has become Austria's largest opera house and the center of its musical culture. H. Richter was elected as the musical director and chief conductor of the theater.
After Richter, the role of director was assumed by the outstanding composer Gustav Mahler, who provided the theater with an even higher professional level, and also significantly expanded its repertoire. Mahler turned the Vienna Opera into one of the best theaters in Europe. With the outbreak of World War II, the theater experienced a serious crisis. In 1945, during the bombing, the cultural building was actually destroyed. Only ten years later, it was completely restored. Today, the Vienna Opera is rightfully considered one of the leading scenes in the world, as it is the keeper of the best human traditions.
In addition, on May 25, two very funny records were set in the world. The first of them was in Kosice in 1996, when the athletic Barbaric, on his own, without interference from extraneous objects, pulled out a train weighing 327 tons to a record state of 8.2 meters. A year later, the eccentric Sri Lankan Joakim thoroughly surprised the country, having stood on one leg for almost 77 hours.
May 25 were born
Pierre Boissier (1810 - 1885 gg.) - Swiss botanist who gathered during his expeditions a grand herbarium. Boissier also discovered and described about four thousand new plant species. His five-volume work, entitled “Eastern Flora,” was the main guidebook for the study of eastern flora.
Igor Sikorsky (1889 - 1972) - Russian aircraft designer, engineer, scientist, pilot and entrepreneur. At the age of twelve, he assembled a model of his first lethal device - a kind of helicopter. In 1910, Sikorsky's plane first flew into the air. It was he who owned the inventions represented by the Russian Knight, Grand and Ilya Muromets aircraft, which gave impetus to the further development of multi-engine aircraft.
Oleg Dal (1941 - 1981) - a talented actor of the Soviet era. He lived a short, but very bright and eventful life. When the actor died, a short autobiography was found in his house, in which he listed the initials and occupation of his parents, indicated his place of study, work. At this, Dahl's revelation ended. Friends characterized him as an honest and principled person. Viewers will probably remember him from the films “Old, Old Tale”, “Can't Be”, “Sannikov Land”, “Golden Mine” and many others.
Name Day May 25
Celebrate: Evdokia, Denis, German, Peter, Ivan, Fedor, Semyon, Maria, Borislav.
